Getting pregnant
Pregnancy happens when a sperm
fertilises an egg, which can happen even if you've not had sexual intercourse
(penetration).
During vaginal penetrative sex(where the penis enters the vagina) semen can be ejaculated. Semen is the
liquid produced during ejaculation and contains millions of sperm.
As soon as the penis is erect,
(before ejaculation), a liquid called pre-ejaculate or "pre-cum" is
produced. This liquid can contain thousands of sperm.
The ovaries release 1 or more
eggs (ovulation) 12-16 days before a period starts.
The sperm enters the body through
the vagina, then travels through the cervix and womb to the fallopian tubes,
where the egg is usually fertilised (conception). The egg can be fertilised by
sperm contained in semen or pre-ejaculate.
What if I
did not have penetrative sex?
It is possible to get pregnant if
sperm comes into contact with the vagina, if for example:
- your partner ejaculates very
close to your vagina
- your
partner's erect penis comes into contact with your genital area (vagina or
vulva)
The risk of getting pregnant in
this way is very low because sperm can only live for a short time outside the
body.
However, if you're not planning a
pregnancy, it's important to know that it's possible to get pregnant in this
way.
Preventing
pregnancy
If you do not want to get
pregnant, you should use contraception. For information about the different
methods, see: which method of contraception suits me?
It's also important to remember
that only condoms can
protect you against both pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs).
If you use a condom, put it on as soon as your partner's penis is erect, to
prevent any sperm from coming into contact with your vagina.